Calendar & money
Date formats, holidays, VAT rates, tipping customs, retirement ages and IBAN lengths.
- Date formats by country (DMY / MDY / YMD) Which countries write dates day-month-year, month-day-year or year-month-day — with examples, so forms, code and bookings never mix up the month and the day.
- Decimal separator by country Which countries use a decimal point versus a decimal comma, with thousands separators and a 1,234.56 vs 1.234,56 example.
- Which countries use the euro Every country using the euro: the 20 eurozone members with adoption years, microstates with agreements, and unilateral users like Kosovo and Montenegro.
- IBAN lengths by country IBAN length and format for 30+ countries — validate international bank details before transfers: DE 22, FR 27, GB 22, NL 18 characters and more.
- Leap years: rules and next dates Which years are leap years and why: the 4/100/400 rule explained, plus the full list of leap years from 2024 to 2100 — including why 2100 is not one.
- Minimum wage rates by country Minimum wage rates by country: US federal, UK National Living Wage, German Mindestlohn and more — approximate monthly USD plus local figures.
- Retirement ages around the world State pension ages in 20 countries — from 62 in China's phased reform to 67 in Germany and the US — with notes on current reforms and male/female differences.
- School starting ages by country Compulsory school starting ages and ranges in 15 countries — when children must start school, when primary begins and how cut-off dates work.
- Tipping around the world How much to tip in 25 countries — where tips are expected (US 15–20%), where they are rude (Japan), and where service is included.
- US federal holidays with 2026 dates All 11 US federal holidays with their date rules and the exact 2026 dates — plan closures, payroll and shipping around days federal offices are closed.
- VAT / GST rates by country Standard VAT rates for 25 countries: EU rates from 17% to 27%, GST in Australia and Singapore, Japan's consumption tax — check the sales tax you pay abroad.